The Appaloosa descends from the spotted horses developed in the 1800s by the Nez Perce Indians, who selectively bred them to be hardy and agile for hunting and war. Today, those same qualities have helped Appaloosas succeed in many disciplines, such as jumping, dressage, racing, reining and roping. The breed is most recognizable by its spotted coat patterns, mottled (spotted) skin around the eyes and muzzle and its striped hooves.